SvennoJ said:
Approximately 13–14% of the world's adult population (aged 15 and over) is illiterate. According to UNESCO, about 739 million to 773 million adults globally still lack basic literacy skills, with nearly two-thirds of them being women.
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But it was much much worse in the past: just 200 years ago almost 90% of the world's adult population were illiterate.
https://ourworldindata.org/literacy
500 years ago? Of course even less.
Even in European countries like France, Italy, Germany, UK, Spain the literacy rate was only 3 - 15% in Leonardo Da Vinci's era:

Letterpressed books were invented around 1440. So if you were born the same time as Leonardo da Vinci, letterpress printing was still in its infancy.
The production of books was still very low in the 15th century, before it took off in the 16th century:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_spread_of_the_printing_press

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_newspaper_publishing
So even if you could read in Leonardo da Vinci's lifetime... what would have been available to read?
Some handwritten or printed religious texts if you were one of the lucky few having access to those.
Leonardo died in 1519, the oldest handwritten news sheets circulated since 1566, the first printed newspapers were published in 1605.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_newspaper_publishing
Last edited by Conina - on 07 May 2026