o_O.Q said:
DarthVolod said:
That is an evasion though ... I'm not talking about penalties imposed by civilization (not sure what you are referring to here). I'm talking about the implicit claim in the quote that argues that it would be better to believe in God (specifically the Christian God; ignoring all the other gods that have been claimed to exist) in order to avoid the consequences of not believing in it. I'm arguing that you should not believe in anything without proof / evidence first. We can speculate about many things, but what we should certainly not do is rearrange our lives (and society as a whole) based on a metaphysical belief that has not one shred of evidence in support of it.
I'd argue that the Soviet Union (and communist states in general) was merely a different variety of religion that places society (which does not exist, a society is just a large collection of individuals) as a super organism of sorts that people must obey and serve.
A society can exist based on a rational world view centered on reason / evidence. I would recommend looking into the concept of anarcho-capitalism (as for a political theory) and rational egoism (for a moral world view) as examples of means of arranging society without a God or gods or god-like super states. Atheism is a very broad spectrum ... not all atheists are communists, some, like myself, are the exact opposite.
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i was mostly talking about this
"There is a penalty imposed on us for "believing" this claim since we would have to radically adjust our lives / world view to conform to this (going to church, donating to churches/charities, following a moral code imposed by Christianity etc. etc.; it is a huge cost)."
"but what we should certainly not do is rearrange our lives (and society as a whole) based on a metaphysical belief that has not one shred of evidence in support of it. "
metaphysical belief is at the very core of civilisation and i mean that even separate from organised religion
"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal"
for example this idea is at the core of the us justice system and is supposed to provide everyone with equal rights and its obviously not a practical concept but a more metaphysical concept and there are loads of other examples like that, which give society its structure
That quote may reference a "creator" but the secular variation of it holds true as well. I would modify it to say that all men are born with the capacity for reason (which we can not exercise properly if we live under tyranny) which makes us equal in terms of rights.
" I'm arguing that you should not believe in anything without proof / evidence first."
if people really behaved in accordance with this they'd be paralysed, there are so many things we take for granted during our everyday lives that are prone to change and we still move forwards anyway, because people generally act primarily not based on acquiring and assessing the facts of a situation but on what feels right to them subjectively
and that goes for everyone
I think we are throwing the baby out with the bathwater here ... yes it is true that our capacity for reason is based on our senses which are imperfect, but that does not mean that the data that are senses provide is completely invalid. Look at how much has been accomplished with just our limited senses (computers / video games themselves are a testament to that). We should be striving to sharpen and improve our skills and senses (through reason / technology) which we already have ... we have microscopes, telescopes, and any number of instruments that provide advanced sensory data beyond what our limited biology normally allows us to find. Science does not require perfect knowledge / sensory data to function, we draw reasonable conclusions based on limited data. Sort of like when you are playing a card game like Hearthstone (you have some knowledge of your opponent's deck and you make reasonable conclusions based on this).
Of course we make plenty of decisions based purely on subjective feelings and whims as well, but the fact is we all make countless decisions every single day based on rational conclusions drawn from the best estimates of reality we have which our senses provide (even if we never explicitly say"I'm using my reason based on evidence to draw this conclusion about X." Religious belief asks us to throw out our senses entirely and to believe in something extraordinary without any semblance of evidence or sensory data to support it, this is counter to our very nature as reasoning / thinking creatures.
"I'd argue that the Soviet Union (and communist states in general) was merely a different variety of religion that places society (which does not exist, a society is just a large collection of individuals) as a super organism of sorts that people must obey and serve. "
i'd agree that the same thought patterns that bring about religious thought are involved, but the point i'm making is that its a characteristic that is present in everyone, despite whatever position they claim to hold, whether they be atheist or catholic
"A society can exist based on a rational world view centered on reason / evidence."
first off i don't think so because of how inherently limited all people are and secondly "reason" and "evidence" are subjective and prone to change because we are limited
with regards to "evidence" there have been many cases of evidence appearing to give one conclusion only for further study with better equipment/methodology to disprove the prior conclusion
that doesn't mean that you don't try to act in accordance with evidence but you have to be careful and allow there to be room for further developments to update what you currently know
I would argue that "reason" and "evidence" are not subjective, that is the key difference. Since reason is our interpretation and use of sensory data or evidence which is drawn from reality, they are the only valid means we have of understanding the universe. While sensory data itself can be limited and can even give misleading conclusions, it is still the only real means we have of understanding the world. Without it, we are just firing blind; making all decisions by whim / instinct like animals.
While it is a lot to ask for people to make a move towards a more rational society (like the ones I and others propose), we have numerous examples now of society at large making massive cultural / value shifts as well as overall shifts in knowledge. Even the least intelligent among us is still more intelligent than many of his most intelligent ancestors were; with greater knowledge of the world than they could ever have hoped to achieve thanks to modern technology. Society has made great shifts, from nomadic herders, to agricultural based, to industrial, to modern society all while making great social strides (abolition of slavery, a move from a theocracy to a more secular / rational zeitgeist, moving from monarchy to more limited representative government, etc.). It is certainly possible for us to develop and change, and that is what we will probably continue to do. This is, by far, the best time for us to be alive precisely because of the incredible advancements that have been made which were accomplished entirely through reason / evidence use.
" I would recommend looking into the concept of anarcho-capitalism (as for a political theory) and rational egoism (for a moral world view) as examples of means of arranging society without a God or gods or god-like super states."
i might have before, but i'll be sure to look again
"not all atheists are communists, some, like myself, are the exact opposite. "
i know that i've been implying that i think that a lot, but i really don't, its just that i'm noticing what appears to be an explosion of communist/marxist ideology recently on the atheist side of the spectrum and its dangerous
Agree 100% with that, and can understand why you would think so. It is unfortunate that many prominent atheist philosophers happen to be either left leaning or radical Marxist types.
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