Hahhaa, I know im going to fail tomorrow but I still gave it a shot. Tell me howbad the grammar are and how inaccurate my report is. 
Im applying at Mcdonalds.
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First rudimentary patents of airbags were introduced in the 1950s by: Walter Linderer and John Hedrix respectively. Firstly, Walter’s (German patent #896,312) patented design in 1951 is based on a compressed air system that could be triggered manually by the driver or be automatically set off by bumper contact. Walter’s design showed much potential, however, later research done in the 1960s showed results that the system could not blow the air bag fast enough up to place the sufficient pressure inside an airbag for maximum safety, making the system obsolete. John Hedrix’ patent (U.S. patent #2,649,311) also used a similar, slightly altered system but never saw research due to lack of interest and investments from car companies.
However it was in the late-1960s where the airbag system saw a significant breakthrough. Allen Breed invented a new system of which the airbags could be set off efficiently with maximum safety, this system also addresses past hurdles that held Linderer and Hedrix back. The system consisted of an electromechanical sensor with a steel ball attached to tube by a magnet that would inflate an airbag under a 30 milli-second window. In a compressed air based airbag system, this would be near impossible. So Soduim azide was used instead. Breed then introduced his invention to Chrysler and soon to other major car companies.
Again, as compressed air is not fast enough to allow sufficient pressure in time of a collision, which could take 60-80 milliseconds (IE: From the time of the initial crash to the time which the occupant’s body is in the optimal position of receiving the airbag relief), ignition is used instead.
When the ACU, (Airbag Control Unit) has experienced the requisite ‘threshold’ of force, the ACU will trigger the ignition involving these three products. Sodium Azide (NaN3), Potassium Nitrate (KNO3), Silicon Dioxide (SiO2). The amount of materials the airbag can be vary due to the car and the client itself. E.G: Size of the occupant, Distance between the dashboard/steering wheel and the car seat, etc.
There is much chemistry involved as three primary reactions occur. The first reaction involves the decomposition of Sodium Azide due to an electric impulse. This creates 300Celcius of temperature which is just enough for the reaction to occur. It produces Sodium metal and Nitrogen gas. Nitrogen gas which is much needed for pressure build up is inside the bag. The Sodium metal further reacts with the remaining materials consisting of Potassium Nitrate and Silicon Dioxide producing even more Nitrogen gas. The reaction is carefully timed to produce the optimal pressure inside the bag JUST at the moment when the occupant makes contact, the reaction must start at 1/20th of a second before the body is in the optimal position. If the pressure is increasing whilst the occupant having contact with the air bag, (IE: Deployment too slow, too late) potential results can produce severe injury or even death. A third reaction occurs which produces mildly toxic gases. However, the gas escapes in a controlled manner through small vent holes, because of this, the gas can be released in consistent amounts that allow it to be dispersed in the air without overwhelming the occupant. IE: occupant experiences mild throat and eye irritation.
As an occupant propels forward from a velocity similar to the car’s. Exceptional work/energy is required for the person to be stopped according to the formula ‘Energy is proportional to Velocity squared’. This shows us that even a little difference in velocity is going to exponentially differentiate the Energy made. However, Kinetic Energy=1/2mv2 is a more accurate equation to base on. In a crash, as a vehicle abruptly stops at a relatively short distance (crumple zone) in also a relatively short period of time, its change in momentum is increased drastically shown by the equation Energy=Impulse/time*distance. The distance decrease due relatively low crumple zone, time decreased due to a relatively short event and Impulse increased to maintain consistent energy. This change in momentum then affects the materials inside a vehicle including the occupant/s inside. Because of the fact that the person is not attached totally attached to their seats, they experience the collision in a different timeframe. The huge change in momentum then causes the car dashboard/steering wheel to be relatively stationary whilst the person’s momentum would be far higher by the time the person makes contact (p of car << p of the person). As the dashboard/steering wheel is not designed to be crushed (in contrast of the car’s bumper, shock absorber). The occupant who would’ve produced little crumple (IE: distance) and would’ve been subjected to a huge amount of force, potentially resulting in injury, according to the equation E=Force*distance, where distance is relatively small and Force increased to maintain a consistent energy. Force is increased due to the occupant having a high deceleration where its change of velocity would’ve been high in a very short amount of time. Also the subject would have experience huge pressure on its head/body due a very small area of contact according to the equation P=F/A, where the Area value is lowered due to a small contact zone and Pressure increased to retain a consistent Force.
An air bag, if applied correctly, prevents any of these forces from overcoming the threshold of injury. The airbag creates a sufficient amount of pressure to let the bag be inflated at 200 miles per hour in 1/20th of a second while keeping it fully inflated for 3/10th of a second. As the subjects head/body pushes against the airbag, the period of time a person is subject to a force in extended drastically with an airbag compared to a mere steering wheel. The airbag would not be fully inflated permanently or else the subject would’ve been better off without one which is why specially sized vents releases the nitrogen gas is placed, which further increases the time of contact (plus the time of full inflation). Thus increasing the time and reducing the change in momentum in the equation Force=Impulse/Time. Also the gas is released in a fixed rate proportional to the force of the head/body that pushes through it, IE: If the head had a higher force, more air would come out, lower force, lower rate of air coming out. This allows the air to maximize the deceleration rate of the head/body in the amount of time it has in contact, especially with crashes involving higher velocities, without crossing the force threshold of injury. Obviously, there is a limited amount of force the airbag can take before the vents become too small to let the right rate of air out at the right time whilst increased deceleration and potential injury. The special vents also allow sufficient force to be generated in the air bag for the subject’s the head/body to decelerate while permitting it to ‘sink in’ to extend distance travelled. Which according to the equation Energy=force*distance, increases the distance and decreases the force to allow a consistent energy value. Also, the airbag acts as makeshift ‘blanket’ for the subject’s head/body. For when the airbag is past its fully inflation stage whilst still being in contact with the occupant, it is evident that it increases the Area of contact that the person who is subjected to a force and is relived of pressure as compared to a steering wheel, again potentially falling under the injury threshold based on the equation P=F/A.
Yay!!!
