I can see a few different situations. The only constant between them is Nintendo - Nintendo really isn't going anywhere. They've proven that repeatedly. Their IP is too powerful and their studios are just too good. Even with zero third-party support, Nintendo would be able to sell a good 10 million units of hardware (assuming they don't go bat-shit insane with it) and make a profit on each unit, plus a profit on each of their big games. Of course, there are theoretical ways for Nintendo to not survive the next generation, but I consider them unlikely enough to dismiss.
So, what are the situations?
1. Sony is forced by financial pressures to drop quite a few things. Their gaming division gets sold off to some other company, who will focus on software only. There's then two possible results from this point:
1a. Microsoft leaves the dedicated gaming hardware business - after all, they entered to protect themselves from losing the gaming business from PC to the Playstation. This likely leads to a computer hardware company stepping up to make a dedicated "gaming PC console" that is designed to run Windows games in a dedicated fashion.
1b. Microsoft sticks in the dedicated gaming hardware business, but establishes an online delivery system to effectively merge their Xbox and PC game development into a single Xbox infrastructure.
2. Microsoft focuses too much on raw power in their next console, tries to charge an outrageous price (more than $600), and it flops badly. MS quickly withdraw to their PC business, and Sony brings in enough support from those who want more power than the Wii U to survive and be slightly profitable (I see Sony not making the same mistake they made with the PS3 - expect a much more modest power level with a more reasonable price, of the order of $350-$450, with only a slight loss on early consoles). Note that, in this case, MS likely sells off their game studios, and refocuses back on OSes and more business-oriented stuff.
3. A new challenger (not the Ouya) comes up, and starts to sap MS and Sony sales. It could, for instance, be Valve. The new challenger provides a more developer- and publisher-friendly environment, and MS and Sony lose exclusives. Nintendo is forced to adapt (and, in my opinion, holds on to what support it has from certain third parties, including Ubisoft, Capcom, and Square Enix). It's possible, in this scenario, that MS and Sony even go so far as to join forces - picture Xbox Live + Playstation - but it's not likely (think 1% chance).
4. The least likely of the situations I consider worth mentioning - Ouya manages to perform well, and forces a significant change to the industry. This change harms Sony's business, but overwhelms MS's business, as a standardised gaming PC saps MS's bread-and-butter genre, the FPS. Sony ends up focusing primarily on Japanese gaming, and allies with Square Enix quite strongly - it becomes the RPG console of choice. Nintendo isn't particularly affected, however, as third parties would see Nintendo as the "safest" bet, with the Ouya and the Sony system becoming the places for the risky stuff. Note that I'm not saying it would help Nintendo, just that Nintendo would be stable, unlike situation 3, where Nintendo has to adapt.
EDIT: I just realised I didn't emphasise - this is the set of situations in which at least one of the three doesn't survive. I actually think all three surviving is the most likely outcome, although I'm undecided on whether Sony and MS continue into the following generation.