As long as the majority is civil, I see no reason for this thread to be locked. If insults are thrown, bans shall be issued. 

Then I am outta here, I am tired of being banned. See you guys in less polemic threads.

Not so, deal with it.

This is an... interesting crusade, Nintentacle. I don't know why you're insistent on it here when there are communities of far more conditioned people to argue either side?

Just so you know, this Surat is giving the story about Moses praying to God and God's response to his prayer. It has nothing to do with Muhammad. Here is the full context of it:

And Moses chose seventy of his people for Our place of
meeting: when they were seized with violent quaking, he prayed:
"O my Lord! if it had been Thy will Thou couldst have destroyed,
long before, both them and me: wouldst Thou destroy us for the
deeds of the foolish ones among us? this is no more than Thy
trial: by it Thou causest whom Thou wilt to stray, and Thou
leadest whom Thou wilt into the right path. Thou art our
Protector: so forgive us and give us Thy mercy; for Thou art
the best of those who forgive.
[7:156] And ordain for us that which is good, in this life and
in the Hereafter: for we have turned unto Thee."
He said: "With My punishment I visit whom I will; but My mercy
extendeth to all things. That (mercy) I shall ordain for
those who do right, and practise regular charity, and
those who believe in Our signs;-
[7.157] those who follow the messenger, the unlettered Prophet,
whom they find mentioned in their own (scriptures),- in the law
and the Gospel;- for he commands them what is just and forbids
them what is evil; he allows them as lawful what is good (and
pure) and prohibits them from what is bad (and impure);
He releases them from their heavy burdens and from the yokes
that are upon them. So it is those who believe in him, honour
him, help him, and follow the light which is sent down with him,-
it is they who will prosper."

[7.158] Say: "O men! I am sent unto you all, as the Messenger of
Allah, to Whom belongeth the dominion of the heavens and the earth:
there is no god but He: it is He That giveth both life and death.
So believe in Allah and His Messenger, the Unlettered Prophet, who
believeth in Allah and His words: follow him that (so) ye may be
guided."

Bolded is the part the TC quoted for reference.

Oh but it is. Sorry if you thought you were above it all.

Islam revolves around the belief of an eternal afterlife. If one believes in God and shows patience in this short life, then God will grant them an eternal life in Heaven. If one also lives a life filled with sin but eventually realizes their wrong-doings and change their way, then God will forgive them and grant them Heaven. Therefore, God is believed to be the most merciful.

Also, this current life is believed to be a test from God, and it is also believed that it will be difficult for the believers (Muslims) on purpose because God is testing them for the eternal life. If the believer shows patience and follows the religion during the short life, they will pass the test and live the eternal life in harmony and utopia forever. Lastly with your concerns about animals, all non-human animals will be granted eternal life in heaven. 

That is the ultimate belief, and the reason why God is believed to be the most merciful.

You seem to carry spite about this.

Yes... the one born as human. We accept the challange and born as human with the free will. In hereafter, we will be asked what is our deed.

Actually if you learn more about islam, you can see how Allah compassion and love to us. The trial extremely bias to make the human "pass" the test

1) 1 good deed count as 10 good deed
2) 1 bad deed count as 1 sin
3) 1 good intent but not excuted count as 1 good deed
4) 1 bad intent but not excuted not count as sin
5) Everytime human ask for forgiveness, he will be forgiven (except related to other human. need to get their forgiveness 1st)
6) if message of islam didnt arrive to his knowledge or he is give wrong perception of islam (thus refuse islam), he will be forgiven for not accepting islam (ahlul fitrah) and will be only judged only their good/bad sin. The burden will be carry by the muslim, who fail to deliver message.
7) Every qaum (tribes) will be sent a warner (prophet) which will get get direct message from Allah with "sign" (miracle to proof they get message from Allah) when earlier message been corrupted.
8) and a lot more...  that i may missed

Any bad deed to other human will need other person forgiveness, or his some of good deed will be given to that person. If this person didn't have good deed anymore, he need to take to carry that person sin.

At the end, at the judgement day, the one with more good deeds than bad deed (even by 1 point) will be in heaven.

you can say, the judgement of trial in this world supposed to be "easy"  but lot of people actually failed. 

He is referred to by other names and if I'm not mistaken referred by name in the original Hebrew Tora

Like not having a stamp collection is a hobby, right?