Pyro as Bill said:
Household composition was taken into account. Co-morbidities were partially taken into account. They used data from 2011 so more recent health issues wouldn't be counted until 2021. "To ensure that a broad range of factors were taken into account, we also adjusted for region, rural and urban classification, area deprivation, household composition, socio-economic position, highest qualification held, household tenure, and health or disability in the 2011 Census (Panel B). Therefore, the fully adjusted results show differences in risk between ethnic groups that are specific to those ethnic groups and are not caused by any of the factors listed on which members of the groups might differ." |
So why all the stuff I bolded if they already compensated for all that?
Research by the Health Foundation found that in London, while black and Asian workers made up 34% of the overall working population, they represented 54% of workers in food retail, 48% of health and social care staff, and 44% of people working in transport.
Occupation is a big factor, but also social patterns. It's good to investigate to figure out the best strategies for different areas, living conditions and occupations, however it's not as simple as Italians die more than Chinese and blacks die more than whites.
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)30922-3/fulltext
The role of language played a part in Sweden where the government at first only addressed Somali immigrants in Swedish, as well as other cultural factors.
https://www.hstoday.us/subject-matter-areas/counterterrorism/when-religion-and-culture-kill-covid-19-in-the-somali-diaspora-communities-in-sweden/
In Sweden there is a small diaspora community of Somali immigrants who fled war and poverty who make up just .69 percent of the total population.[1] Normally, this diaspora group fades into the background, but now, suddenly, a chilling new statistic brings them to the fore, as 40 percent of the reported COVID-19 related deaths occurring in Stockholm involve the Somali diaspora communities. Other Swedish medical experts estimate 18 percent of the COVID-19 deaths country-wide are from the Somali community.[2]
The huge disparity in Sweden proves there is a lot more going on than skin color.