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Guitarguy said:

This part puzzles me. Why do studios film in 4K, only to finish on a 2k/1080P digital intermediate, then to upscale to 4k for the UHD release? Would it not be better to finish on a 4k intermediate and then downscale to 1080P for regular blu ray?

Usually not all elements are filmed in 4K and/or the cgi has still been made in 2K. Not all equipment has been updated yet either. Plus it's always better to downscale to the final product than upscale the lacking elements. So called 4K cameras are actually a bit under, eg 3.5k Arriraw 3424 x 2202 open gate. Add framing and it's really not enough for a 4K product.  You need to film in raw 6k format for the full benefits of 4K masters.