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SvennoJ said:
shavenferret said:

I"m convinced that oil is limited, as well as coal, and that this will limit expansion in 20 years or so. Does anyone else see things differently?

That problem is already being solved, but it takes time as capitalism always goes for the cheapest route. The less oil left, the more expensive it gets to extract the final bits, which makes the alternatives more affordable.



The two SeaShuttle vessels, set for delivery in the latter half of 2025, will be fitted with 3.2MW hydrogen fuel cells, making them the first container ships of their size in the world to run on H2. Hydrogen will be stored on board for the fuel cells, while the ship will also be fitted with a diesel engine as back-up.

https://www.hydrogeninsight.com/transport/construction-begins-on-worlds-first-hydrogen-powered-short-sea-container-ship/2-1-1608332


Airbus’ ambition is to bring to market the world’s first hydrogen-powered commercial aircraft by 2035. To get there, our ZEROe project is exploring a variety of configurations and technologies, as well as preparing the ecosystem that will produce and supply the hydrogen.


https://www.airbus.com/en/innovation/energy-transition/hydrogen/zeroe


Iceland already has Hydrogen powered public transport.

Iceland is also ahead of other countries in utilizing hydrogen. With early plans to become oil- and gas-free by 2050, the country started using hydrogen buses in Reykjavik back in the early 2000s.

https://oilprice.com/Alternative-Energy/Fuel-Cells/Can-Iceland-Become-The-Worlds-First-Green-Hydrogen-Economy.html


Once we get Nuclear Fusion working the Hydrogen fuel economy can kick off




The 'risk' is, all this practically unlimited new energy can spark another wave of expansion, if not heat up the world more. But first it will need a lot more funding to get there.

Hydrogen seems like part of a solution, definitely.  But it takes massive amounts of electricity and equipment, and so it works better within buildings, and large vehicles such as ships or perhaps train engines.  Mabey it can power a plane someday if it gets reliable enough.   

But vehicles?   I don't know if moving to electric vehicles could be possible.  There's only so much lithium as well.