I'd suggest reading "Guns, Germs and Steel".
Short answer... for why white people conquered everyone else? Europe rocks... the continent, not the people.
Long answer...
Imagine the world... started from our hunter and gather ancestors... as we transitioned to hunter and gather societies... Europe and Asia had the biggest advantages when it came to animals and plants to domesticate.
Horse's were naturally more tameable then Zebras, Wheat a far better crop then Maize...
Hence why Europe and Asian societies advanced far faster then African and North American societies.
Now why did Europe seem to progress better then China? Nationalistic Capitalism!
Asia compared to Europe has very few natural boarders, as such, there were fewer countries more or less. Huge Chinese dynasty that were rarely threatened except vs within.
Compared to Europe, which was a number of smaller culturally diverse nations do to geography who spent there days pretty much beating the crap outta each other left and right, meaning each country had to adopt to newer technologies, try and develop them, and look ahead technologically. When they weren't warring they were trading, there different cultures providing many different ways of thinking and ideas.
This also shaped how our cultures developed.
