So far I've learned that Egypt's first two kings were called Scorpion. Then the pharaohs. At the same time, gods gave Sumer the ability to self govern.
Sparta was tiny compared to Iranic power. Alexander the Great conqurered all of it. Rome was a pretty small republic. First Sparticus formed a Gladitorial Revolustion. Julius Ceasar turned the republic into an empire. Then Octavian defeated Cleopatra and solitified the country as an Empire. Rome grew over the whole mediterarean. Jesus of Nazareth solidified the concept of natural liberty that Sparticus successfully cast on the land.
"While all the emperors who succeeded to the throne by birth, except Titus, were bad, all were good who succeeded by adoption, as in the case of the five from Nerva to Marcus. But as soon as the empire fell once more to the heirs by birth, its ruin recommenced. Titus, Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus, and Marcus had no need of praetorian cohorts, or of countless legions to guard them, but were defended by their own good lives, the good-will of their subjects, and the attachment of the senate."
"If a man were called to fix the period in the history of the world during which the condition of the human race was most happy and prosperous, he would, without hesitation, name that which elapsed from the death of Domitian to the accession of Commodus. The vast extent of the Roman Empire was governed by absolute power, under the guidance of virtue and wisdom. The armies were restrained by the firm but gentle hand of four successive emperors, whose characters and authority commanded respect. The forms of the civil administration were carefully preserved by Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian and the Antonines, who delighted in the image of liberty, and were pleased with considering themselves as the accountable ministers of the laws. Such princes deserved the honour of restoring the republic, had the Romans of their days been capable of enjoying a rational freedom."