Yes, I think that the likes should display a list of users.

Why is it fair to say that the like system stays? Because work was already put into it?

I think that with nearly 50% of people already split just on the basic implementation of such a system, it would be better just to remove it. Because the more specific the system gets the more divided people will be.

I don't see what's the point of the likes but whatever,

I say yes to publicly showing who liked a post. I do not see any harm in it

These likes just feel like doing something for the sake of doing something... doesn't really seem like they add much to the forums.

I cannot think of a way to "enhance" likes in a way that would not be a negative. I've no real opinion on showing who likes, but I suppose it's preferable to anonymity.

In addition to the like feature, there should be a dislike feature as well. Holds people more accountable for the things they post.

I take it you're one of those "watch the world burn" guys? :D

I think you should leave the system completely alone for a while, don't add author notifications, don't do anything, except the ability to unlike a post. That will allow everyone to live with it for a bit and see what we actually do and don't like about the system. Right now we're basically just making stuff up.

Since unlike was already added, I would prefer no changes until the community has had time to live with the basic like functionality for a little while.  Then we will be able to better judge what changes are needed or desired.

I wouldn't worry about the initial reaction to the implementation of the like system. A lot of people simply do not like change. However, they are quick to adjust (some people will be stubborn). The like system helps modernise this website, and will likely draw in some more people.
Some change be good, some can be bad. In the case of implementing a like system, I don't understand the fuss that has been kicked up by some users other than the fact that they don't like change. There is literally no reason against this change.

As for whether or not you should receive a notification for who liked your post, honestly, I don't mind either way. You could make it where the user that received the like can see who liked it, however, make it invisible to others. Other users can see how many likes that post has, they just have no way of seeing who liked it. This could help alleviate any conflict that could occur during a debate/argument.